This style of landscape originated in Flanders, where artists corresponding to Paul Bril painted vedute as early as the sixteenth century. As the itinerary of the Grand Tour became somewhat standardized, vedute of familiar scenes like the Roman Forum or the Grand Canal recalled early ventures to the Continent for aristocratic Englishmen. In the later nineteenth century, more personal impressions of cityscapes changed the need for topographical accuracy, which was glad as an alternative by painted panoramas. The illustrations of medieval codices have been generally identified as illuminations, and were individually hand-drawn and painted. With the invention of the printing …